Fidel Castro

aka Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz

Prime Minister and President of Cuba

Cuban revolutionary and political leader who headed Cuba from 1959-2008 as prime minister (1959-1976) and president (1976-2008). Led successful guerrilla campaign overthrowing Batista regime (1953-1959). Declared himself Marxist-Leninist (Dec 1961) after CIA-sponsored Bay of Pigs invasion. Permitted Soviet missile deployment triggering 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Established Western Hemisphere's first communist state, maintaining power through one-party rule. Survived 600+ CIA assassination attempts. For four decades stood at center of US-Soviet-China competition for Third World influence. Became anti-imperialist icon to global left while critics condemned authoritarian rule.

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